⚖️
Business & Legal/Break-Even Calculator

Break-Even Calculator

Calculate how many units you need to sell to cover all costs, plus units needed for a target profit.

CVP MODELUnits & revenueMargin ratioTarget profitVisual chart
$
Rent, salaries, insurance, software
$
$
Materials, shipping, commissions
$
Enter costs and pricing to see break-even analysis
Data Source & Legal Disclaimer
Effective: Standard CVP (Cost-Volume-Profit) model — no expirationLast updated: 3 months agoUpdate: Manual review
Sources: Investopedia — Break-Even Analysis · SBA — Break-Even Analysis

Break-even analysis uses the standard Cost-Volume-Profit model: Fixed Costs ÷ Contribution Margin per Unit. This assumes linear cost/revenue behavior, constant selling price, and no mixed costs.

See all data sources & update policy →
The break-even chart — where the revenue line crosses total cost
Break-even — 667 units ($100,050)1,112 units → $40,080 profitLOSSPROFITRevenue — $150 × unitsTotal cost — $60,000 + $60 × unitsFixed cost — $60,000Cost & revenue ($)03006009001,200667Units sold per year$0$60k$120k$180k

Total cost starts at the fixed-cost level and rises by the variable cost of every extra unit; revenue starts at zero and rises by the selling price. The wedge between them left of the crossing is the loss you absorb; the wedge to the right is profit. The steeper the gap, the faster you get there — that steepness is exactly the contribution margin.

Worked example

Maya runs a small ceramics studio selling planters wholesale. She wants to know how many units she must ship in a year before the studio pays for itself, and how many to hit a $40,000 profit goal.

  1. Inputs:Fixed costs $60,000/yr (studio rent, kiln lease, insurance, her salary). Selling price $150 per planter. Variable cost $60 per planter (clay, glaze, packaging, outbound shipping). Target profit $40,000.
  2. Contribution margin:Every planter sold leaves $150 − $60 = $90 behind after its own variable cost. That is a 60% contribution margin ratio, and it is the only money available to pay down the $60,000 of fixed cost.
  3. Break-even:$60,000 ÷ $90 = 666.67, rounded up to 667 planters. At $150 each that is $100,050 of revenue — at which point $40,020 of variable cost plus $60,000 of fixed cost consume it, with $30 to spare (exact balance is at 666.67 units — 667 is the first whole planter that clears it).
  4. Pace check:667 units a year is 56 planters a month, 13 a week, or about 2 per calendar day — averaged over every day of the year, not just the busy season.
  5. Target profit:Adding the $40,000 goal gives ($60,000 + $40,000) ÷ $90 = 1,111.1 → 1,112 units, or $166,800 of revenue. Shipping planter 668 through 1,112 is what turns the $40,080 of profit.
↩ Back to calculator

About this tool

What is this tool?

Calculate your break-even point: how many units to sell to cover costs. See contribution margin, daily sales needed. Free for small business.

Units & revenueMargin ratioTarget profitVisual chart

What Is the Break-Even Calculator?

The Break-Even Calculator determines how many units you need to sell to cover all your business costs — the point where total revenue equals total costs and you neither make nor lose money. It calculates the break-even point in units, revenue, and time (daily, weekly, monthly), plus the contribution margin per unit and as a ratio. You can also set a target profit to see how many units you need to sell to reach a specific income goal.

Who Should Use This Tool?

This calculator is for small business owners, entrepreneurs, product designers, e-commerce sellers, and anyone planning to launch a product or service. Whether you are pricing a new product, evaluating a business idea, or setting sales targets for your team, knowing your break-even point is essential. It is particularly useful for dropshippers, manufacturers, and service businesses with clear fixed and variable cost structures.

How Does This Tool Work?

Enter three numbers: (1) Fixed Costs — expenses that do not change with sales volume (rent, salaries, insurance, software subscriptions). (2) Selling Price per Unit — what you charge customers for one unit. (3) Variable Cost per Unit — costs that scale with each sale (materials, shipping, payment processing fees, packaging). The calculator computes: Contribution Margin = Price - Variable Cost; Break-Even Units = Fixed Costs / Contribution Margin; Break-Even Revenue = Break-Even Units × Price; and breaks it down into daily, weekly, and monthly sales targets.

How Many Units Do You Need to Sell to Break Even?

A small business has $10,000/month in fixed costs (rent, software, base salary). They sell a product for $50 with $20 in variable costs (materials, shipping, fees). • Contribution Margin: $50 - $20 = $30 per unit • Contribution Margin Ratio: $30 / $50 = 60% • Break-Even Point: $10,000 / $30 = 334 units/month • Break-Even Revenue: 334 × $50 = $16,700/month • Daily target: ~11 units/day (assuming 30 days) To earn $5,000/month profit: ($10,000 + $5,000) / $30 = 500 units/month

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the break-even point?

The break-even point is the number of units you must sell for total revenue to equal total costs. At this point, your business neither makes a profit nor incurs a loss. It is calculated as: Break-Even Units = Fixed Costs / (Selling Price - Variable Cost per Unit). Below this point, you lose money; above it, you profit.

What is contribution margin?

Contribution margin is the amount each unit sale contributes toward covering fixed costs and generating profit. It is calculated as: Selling Price per Unit minus Variable Cost per Unit. For example, if you sell a product for $50 and variable costs are $20, your contribution margin is $30 per unit. The contribution margin ratio (contribution margin divided by price) shows what percentage of each sales dollar is available to cover fixed costs.

What is the difference between fixed and variable costs?

Fixed costs do not change with sales volume — they include rent, salaries, insurance, software subscriptions, and loan payments. Variable costs scale directly with each unit sold — they include raw materials, production labor, shipping, packaging, and payment processing fees. Semi-variable costs (like utilities or hourly labor) have both fixed and variable components.

How do I calculate break-even for a service business?

For service businesses, your "unit" is one hour of service or one project. Fixed costs include rent, software, and base salary. Variable costs include travel, materials, and subcontractor fees. If you charge $100/hour with $20/hour in variable costs, your contribution margin is $80/hour. With $8,000/month fixed costs, your break-even is 100 billable hours per month.

What is a good contribution margin ratio?

A contribution margin ratio of 40% or higher is generally considered healthy for most industries. Software and digital products often achieve 80-90% (low variable costs). Physical products typically have 30-50%. Restaurants and retail often operate at 20-40%. A ratio below 20% means small changes in volume or pricing can quickly push you into a loss.

How does break-even analysis help with pricing?

Break-even analysis reveals whether your current pricing can cover costs at realistic sales volumes. If your break-even point is 10,000 units/month but you can only sell 3,000, you need to either raise prices, reduce variable costs, or lower fixed costs. It also helps evaluate discounts: a 10% price cut increases your break-even point by 25-50% depending on your margin.

Can break-even analysis account for multiple products?

Yes. For multiple products, calculate a weighted average contribution margin based on your sales mix. For example, if Product A (CM $30) is 60% of sales and Product B (CM $50) is 40%, your weighted CM is $38. Divide total fixed costs by $38 to find the break-even point in total units, then allocate by sales mix.

What are the limitations of break-even analysis?

Break-even analysis assumes linear cost and revenue behavior (constant price and variable cost per unit). In reality, bulk discounts, capacity constraints, and stepped fixed costs (like hiring a new employee) create non-linear behavior. Use break-even as a planning baseline, not a precise forecast. It also does not account for cash flow timing or inventory carrying costs.

Related tools

Joke of the Day
Sep 6

What do you call a crab that plays baseball?

100% Free, Forever

Keep Tools Free for Everyone

No paywalls, no signups, no data sold. Built by a solo developer who believes useful tools should be accessible to everyone.

Support me on Ko-fi— keep tools free

100% of proceeds go towards hosting & building more free tools.